Osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis is a disease in whichDegenerative and dystrophic changes occur in the cartilage tissue of the spine, accompanied by damage to the functionality of the intervertebral discs.

Osteochondrosis is divided into cervical, thoracic and lumbar.The average age of onset of osteochondrosis is 30-35 years.

Reasons for the development of osteochondrosis:

1. uneven load on the spine: habits of carrying a bag on one shoulder or in one hand, incorrect sitting position, sleeping on an excessively soft mattress, high pillow, wearing uncomfortable shoes or high-heeled shoes.
2. sedentary lifestyle, excess weight.
3. back and lower limb injuries.
4. flat feet.
5. physical overload of the organism.
6. genetic predisposition.
7. postural disorders during the period of active growth, scoliosis.
8. malnutrition, child.
9. bad habits.
10. pregnancy.

Stages of development of osteochondrosis

1. Osteochondrosis of the 1st stage: minor discomfort occurs during prolonged stay in an uncomfortable position, active movement, etc.
2. Stage 2 osteochondrosis: noticeable discomfort and pain occur with certain types of stress and movement.
3. Osteochondrosis of the 3rd stage: stiffness in movements appears, a tingling sensation, numbness in the limbs may occur, pain in the back, neck and lumbosacral region is clearly felt.
4. Stage 4 osteochondrosis: osteophytes are formed, new bone formations that improve the fixation of the vertebrae, but in some cases osteophytes can cause nerve entrapment and injure the vertebrae.

Symptoms of osteochondrosis:

1. periodic feeling of fatigue in the back, severe pain in the neck, back, chest and shoulder girdle.
2. discomfort, stiffness of body movements.
3. headaches, dizziness, increased fatigue.
4. pain in the region of the heart.pain in the lower back that spreads to the legs.

Classification of osteochondrosis:

• osteochondrosis of cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral or mixed, combined type of disease.

Diagnosis of osteochondrosis:

1. x-ray examination of the spine;
2. neurological examination of sensitivity, reflexes;
3. computed tomography of the spine (CT);
4. nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR);
5. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Treatment of osteochondrosis:

Osteochondrosis therapy is carried out in two directions, depending on the degree of osteochondrosis and the patient's state of health.

Conservative treatment of osteochondrosis

Conservative therapy is aimed at alleviating pain, normalizing the functionality of the spinal column and preventing negative changes.

1. drug therapy;
2. physiotherapy (ultrasound waves, low frequency currents, etc.);
3. physical therapy (physical therapy);
4. massage;manual therapy;
5. balanced diet, diet.

Complications of osteochondrosis:

1. spinal hernia;
2. radiculitis;
3. salt deposits in the intervertebral space;
4. spinal cord strokes;
5. paralysis of the lower limbs.

Prevention of osteochondrosis:

1. active lifestyle, fitness classes;
2. if you need to sit for a long time, you should choose the right chairs that support the spine, ensure compliance with the standards for the position of hands on the table, feet on the floor or a special stand and learn to maintain posture;
3. Orthopedic bedding;
4. choosing the right shoes;
5. balanced eating and drinking regimen;
6. healthy lifestyle.